What is protocol in computer network

Protocols are essential in computer networking because they ensure that devices can communicate with each other effectively and efficiently. Examples of networking protocols include TCP/IP, HTTP, FTP, SMTP, and many others. These protocols define how data should be packaged, transmitted, received, and interpreted by network devices.

Examples of Protocols are-

TCP/IP 

Transmission Control Protocol & Internet Protocol - It breaks down the message into packets and sends them out into the network.

DNS 

Domain Name System-It translates network address (such as IP addresses) into terms understood by humans (such as Domain Names) and vice-versa.

DHCP

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol - It can automatically assign internet addresses to computers and users.

FTP 

File Transfer Protocol - A protocol that is used to transfer and manipulate files on the internet.

HTTP 

Hyper Text Transfer Protocol, An internet-based protocol for sending and receiving web pages

IMAP

Internet Message Access Protocol - A protocol for receiving e-mail messages from server on the Internet. It maintains a copy of all the emails on server. We can sort, filter emails.

IRC

Internet Relay Chat - A protocol used for Internet chat and other communications. It facilitates communication in the form of text.

POP3 

Post Office Protocol Version 3 - A protocol used for receiving e-mail from remote mail servers. It does not maintain copy on the server.

 

SMTP 

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol - A protocol for sending e-mail messages to the Server on the Internet.